Adverse Effects:
Cognitive- activation, excitement, impulse dycontrol,
agitation, restlessness and insomnia,
Increased dreaming, nightmares,
Precipitation of hypomania or mania (in 3.7-20%
of patients), pyschosis, panic reactions, anxiety, or euphoria
may occur.
Isolated reports of SSRI antidepressants causing agitation, motor activation,
aggression, impulsivity, and suicidal urges.
Apathy or amotivational syndrome reported.
Precautions:
May induce manic reactions in up to 20% of
patients with bipolar affective disorder(BAD); because of risk
of increased cycling, BAD is a relative contraindication.
Pediatric Considerations:
Children may be more prone to behavioral adverse effects including
agitation, restlessness (32-46%), activation, hypomania
(up to 13%), insomnia (up to 21%), irritability and social disinhibition
(up to 25%). Increased risk of headache (21%). Amotivational syndrome
reported to emerge after several months of treatment (suggestive of frontal
lobe dysfunction).
Patient instructions:
Do not stop these drugs suddenly as withdrawal
reactions can occur.
Avoid ingestion of grapefruit juice while taking fluvoxamine and sertraline,
as the blood level of the antidepressant may rise.
Rate of fluvoxamine absorption increased by
ethanol.
Cigarette smoking - Increased metabolism of
fluvoxamine by 25%
This info comes from: Clinical Handbook of Psychotropic Drugs, ed: Kalyna
Z. Bezchlibnyk-Butler and J. Joel Jeffries, Hogrefe & Huber Publishers,
Toronto, Canada, Ninth Edition 1999