Appendix: Code

mouse.c


#include <Mega32.h>
#include <delay.h>
#include <stdio.h>
void send(unsigned char);
void init(void); 


char i;                
               
char a;      
unsigned char data,pos=0,packet[3];
unsigned char  dataready=0, packetcount=0, packetready=0, datareporting=0;
unsigned char x,y;


//Receive data from mouse triggered by mouse starting clock
interrupt [EXT_INT0] void receive(void) {

  unsigned char shamt=0, count=0, parity=0;
  data = 0;
  
  while(PIND & 0x08);		//wait for clock low
  //Read 8 data bits
  for(count=0;count<8;count++){
    while(!(PIND & 0x08));   	// wait for clock high    
    while(PIND & 0x08);  	// wait for clock low
    data=data | ((PIND & 0x04)>>2)<125 && x<220)
    			x=125;
    		if(x<1 || x>220)
    			x=1;	
    		y=y-packet[2];		//update and restrict y position
    		if(y>0x58 && y<220)
    			y=0x58;
    		if(y<12 || y>220)
    			y=12;
    		PORTA=x;		//send out data packets to the ports
    		PORTB=y;
    		PORTC=packet[0];		
    	packetcount=0; 
    }
    else packetcount++;
  }
}


void init_receive() {

  MCUCR = 0b00000000; // INT0 interrupt enable 
  GICR =  0b01000000;
  #asm
    sei
  #endasm
                                               
}

void disable_receive() {

  GICR = 0;		//Disable interrupts

}

void init() {           
  DDRA = 0xff;	//PORTA as output
  DDRB = 0xff;	//PORTB as output 
  DDRC = 0xff;	//PORTC as output 
  DDRD = 0x13;	//D.0, D.1, D.4 (for testing) as output
           
  send(0xFF);	//Reset mouse	   
  init_receive();             
                      
  // wait for codes
  while(data != 0xfa);	//Acknowledge
  while(data != 0xaa);	//Self test passed
  while(data != 0x00);	//Mouse ID
  disable_receive();
  
  send(0xF4); 		// enable data reporting
  init_receive();
  while(data != 0xfa);
  datareporting=1;	//Ready to receive movement data
  
  pos = 0;
 



}

void main(void){
  init();    
  while(1) {}               
  
}

//Send a command to the mouse
void send(unsigned char command) {
                                              
  char parity=0;              
  char mask = 0x01;
  parity =  (command & 0x01) ^		//Calculate odd parity
            ((command & 0x02) >> 1) ^ 
            ((command & 0x04) >> 2) ^ 
            ((command & 0x08) >> 3) ^ 
            ((command & 0x10) >> 4) ^ 
            ((command & 0x20) >> 5) ^ 
            ((command & 0x40) >> 6) ^ 
            ((command & 0x80) >> 7);
  PORTD.0 = 1;  	// Pull clock low
  delay_us(120);
  PORTD.1 = 1;  	// data low
  PORTD.0 = 0; 	// Release clock
  while(!(PIND & 0x08)); // wait for clock high
  for (i=0; i<8; i++) {
       
       while(PIND & 0x08);  // wait for low clock
       PORTD.1 = !(command & mask); // send inverted data bit to data line
       while(!(PIND & 0x08));   // wait for clock high
       mask = mask<<1;   // update mask
  }    
               

  
  while(PIND & 0x08);  // wait for low clock
  PORTD.1 = parity;	//send parity bit to data line
  while(!(PIND & 0x08));   // wait for high
  while(PIND & 0x08);  // wait for low clock
  while(!(PIND & 0x08));   // wait for clock high
  
  PORTD.1 = 0;	//release the data line
  
  while((PIND & 0x04)); // wait for data go low
  while(!(PIND & 0x04)); // wait for data go hi 
}

video.c

//video gen and sound
//D.5 is sync:1000 ohm + diode to 75 ohm resistor
//D.6 is video:330 ohm + diode to 75 ohm resistor  
//B.3 is sound  and should have a 10k resistor to gnd

#pragma regalloc-    //I allocate the registers myself
#pragma optsize-     //optimize for speed
                    
#include <Mega32.h>   
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h> 
#include <math.h> 
#include <delay.h>   

//cycles = 63.625 * 16 Note NTSC is 63.55 
//but this line duration makes each frame exactly 1/60 sec
//which is nice for keeping a realtime clock 
#define lineTime 1018
 
#define begin {
#define end   }
#define ScreenTop 30
#define ScreenBot 230
#define totaltools 9

#define menutop 0x59
#define menubottom 0x63
#define menuwidth 0xE
#define leftlimit 1
#define rightlimit 125
#define toplimit 11
#define bottomlimit 0x59
#define maxsize 5

//NOTE that v1 to v8 and i must be in registers!  
register char v1 @4; 
register char v2 @5;
register char v3 @6;
register char v4 @7;
register char v5 @8;
register char v6 @9;
register char v7 @10;
register char v8 @11; 
register int i @12;

#pragma regalloc+ 
unsigned char outx[16], outy[16], outc[16];    
char syncON, syncOFF; 
int LineCount;
int time; 

//animation
char x, y, s, vx, vy;

//paint tools
char posx,posy,prevx,prevy,posc,prevstate, current, movex,movey,startx,starty;
char clickcount, cutcount, spraycount, set, linex[2],liney[2];
char tooltype, rightstate, leftstate, leftreleased, middlereleased, prevtool;
char middlestate, brushsize;
char c,d;
int a,b;

char screen[1600], t, ts[10]; 
char cu1[]="MOUSE"; 
char cu2[]="PAINTER";     
char cu3[]="PRO";
char clr[]="C";
char erase[] = "E";
                 			
//Point plot lookup table   
//One bit masks
flash char pos[8]={0x80,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x04,0x02,0x01};			

//define some character bitmaps
//5x7 characters
flash char bitmap[38][7]={ 
	//0
	0b01110000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10011000,
	0b10101000,
	0b11001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b01110000,
	//1
	0b00100000,
	0b01100000,
	0b00100000,
	0b00100000,
	0b00100000,
	0b00100000,
	0b01110000,  
	//2
	0b01110000,
	0b10001000,
	0b00001000,
	0b00010000,
	0b00100000,
	0b01000000,
	0b11111000,
    	//3
	0b11111000,
	0b00010000,
	0b00100000,
	0b00010000,
	0b00001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b01110000,
	//4
	0b00010000,
	0b00110000,
	0b01010000,
	0b10010000,
	0b11111000,
	0b00010000,
	0b00010000,
	//5
	0b11111000,
	0b10000000,
	0b11110000,
	0b00001000,
	0b00001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b01110000,
	//6
	0b01000000,
	0b10000000,
	0b10000000,
	0b11110000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b01110000,
	//7
	0b11111000,
	0b00001000,
	0b00010000,
	0b00100000,
	0b01000000,
	0b10000000,
	0b10000000,
	//8
	0b01110000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b01110000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b01110000,
	//9
	0b01110000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b01111000,
	0b00001000,
	0b00001000,
	0b00010000,  
	//A
	0b01110000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b11111000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	//B
	0b11110000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b11110000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b11110000,
	//C
	0b01110000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10000000,
	0b10000000,
	0b10000000,
	0b10001000,
	0b01110000,
	//D
	0b11110000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b11110000,
	//E
	0b11111000,
	0b10000000,
	0b10000000,
	0b11111000,
	0b10000000,
	0b10000000,
	0b11111000,
	//F
	0b11111000,
	0b10000000,
	0b10000000,
	0b11111000,
	0b10000000,
	0b10000000,
	0b10000000,
	//G
	0b01110000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10000000,
	0b10011000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b01110000,
	//H
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b11111000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	//I
	0b01110000,
	0b00100000,
	0b00100000,
	0b00100000,
	0b00100000,
	0b00100000,
	0b01110000,
	//J
	0b00111000,
	0b00010000,
	0b00010000,
	0b00010000,
	0b00010000,
	0b10010000,
	0b01100000,
	//K
	0b10001000,
	0b10010000,
	0b10100000,
	0b11000000,
	0b10100000,
	0b10010000,
	0b10001000,
	//L
	0b10000000,
	0b10000000,
	0b10000000,
	0b10000000,
	0b10000000,
	0b10000000,
	0b11111000,
	//M
	0b10001000,
	0b11011000,
	0b10101000,
	0b10101000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	//N
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b11001000,
	0b10101000,
	0b10011000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	//O
	0b01110000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b01110000,
	//P
	0b11110000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b11110000,
	0b10000000,
	0b10000000,
	0b10000000,
	//Q
	0b01110000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10101000,
	0b10010000,
	0b01101000,
	//R
	0b11110000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b11110000,
	0b10100000,
	0b10010000,
	0b10001000,
	//S
	0b01111000,
	0b10000000,
	0b10000000,
	0b01110000,
	0b00001000,
	0b00001000,
	0b11110000,
	//T
	0b11111000,
	0b00100000,
	0b00100000,
	0b00100000,
	0b00100000,
	0b00100000,
	0b00100000,
	//U
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b01110000,
	//V
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b01010000,
	0b00100000,
	//W
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10101000,
	0b10101000,
	0b10101000,
	0b01010000,
	//X
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b01010000,
	0b00100000,
	0b01010000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	//Y
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b01010000,
	0b00100000,
	0b00100000,
	0b00100000,
	//Z
	0b11111000,
	0b00001000,
	0b00010000,
	0b00100000,
	0b01000000,
	0b10000000,
	0b11111000,
	//figure1
	0b01110000,
	0b00100000,
	0b01110000,
	0b10101000,
	0b00100000,
	0b01010000,
	0b10001000,
	//figure2
	0b01110000,
	0b10101000,
	0b01110000,
	0b00100000,
	0b00100000,
	0b01010000,
	0b10001000};


//================================ 
//3x5 font numbers, then letters
//packed two per definition for fast 
//copy to the screen at x-position divisible by 4
flash char smallbitmap[39][5]={ 
	//0
    0b11101110,
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b11101110,
	//1
	0b01000100,
	0b11001100,
	0b01000100,
	0b01000100,
	0b11101110,
	//2
	0b11101110,
	0b00100010,
	0b11101110,
	0b10001000,
	0b11101110,
	//3
	0b11101110,
	0b00100010,
	0b11101110,
	0b00100010,
	0b11101110,
	//4
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b11101110,
	0b00100010,
	0b00100010,
	//5
	0b11101110,
	0b10001000,
	0b11101110,
	0b00100010,
	0b11101110,
	//6
	0b11001100,
	0b10001000,
	0b11101110,
	0b10101010,
	0b11101110,
	//7
	0b11101110,
	0b00100010,
	0b01000100,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	//8
	0b11101110,
	0b10101010,
	0b11101110,
	0b10101010,
	0b11101110,
	//9
	0b11101110,
	0b10101010,
	0b11101110,
	0b00100010,
	0b01100110,
	//:
	0b00000000,
	0b01000100,
	0b00000000,
	0b01000100,
	0b00000000,
	//=
	0b00000000,
	0b11101110,
	0b00000000,
	0b11101110,
	0b00000000,
	//blank
	0b00000000,
	0b00000000,
	0b00000000,
	0b00000000,
	0b00000000,
	//A
	0b11101110,
	0b10101010,
	0b11101110,
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	//B
	0b11001100,
	0b10101010,
	0b11101110,
	0b10101010,
	0b11001100,
	//C
	0b11101110,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b11101110,
	//D
	0b11001100,
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b11001100,
	//E
	0b11101110,
	0b10001000,
	0b11101110,
	0b10001000,
	0b11101110,
	//F
	0b11101110,
	0b10001000,
	0b11101110,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	//G
	0b11101110,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10101010,
	0b11101110,
	//H
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b11101110,
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	//I
	0b11101110,
	0b01000100,
	0b01000100,
	0b01000100,
	0b11101110,
	//J
	0b00100010,
	0b00100010,
	0b00100010,
	0b10101010,
	0b11101110,
	//K
	0b10001000,
	0b10101010,
	0b11001100,
	0b11001100,
	0b10101010,
	//L
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	0b11101110,
	//M
	0b10101010,
	0b11101110,
	0b11101110,
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	//N
	0b00000000,
	0b11001100,
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	//O
	0b01000100,
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b01000100,
	//P
	0b11101110,
	0b10101010,
	0b11101110,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	//Q
	0b01000100,
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b11101110,
	0b01100110,
	//R
	0b11101110,
	0b10101010,
	0b11001100,
	0b11101110,
	0b10101010,
	//S
	0b11101110,
	0b10001000,
	0b11101110,
	0b00100010,
	0b11101110,
	//T
	0b11101110,
	0b01000100,
	0b01000100,
	0b01000100,
	0b01000100, 
	//U
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b11101110, 
	//V
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b01000100,
	//W
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b11101110,
	0b11101110,
	0b10101010,
	//X
	0b00000000,
	0b10101010,
	0b01000100,
	0b01000100,
	0b10101010,
	//Y
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b01000100,
	0b01000100,
	0b01000100,
	//Z
	0b11101110,
	0b00100010,
	0b01000100,
	0b10001000,
	0b11101110
	};
	
//==================================
//This is the sync generator and raster generator. It MUST be entered from 
//sleep mode to get accurate timing of the sync pulses
#pragma warn-
interrupt [TIM1_COMPA] void t1_cmpA(void)  
begin 
  //start the Horizontal sync pulse    
  PORTD = syncON;     
  //update the curent scanline number
  LineCount ++ ;   
  //begin inverted (Vertical) synch after line 247
  if (LineCount==248)
  begin 
    syncON = 0b00100000;
    syncOFF = 0;
  end
  //back to regular sync after line 250
  if (LineCount==251)	
  begin
    syncON = 0;
    syncOFF = 0b00100000;
  end  
  //start new frame after line 262
  if (LineCount==263) 
  begin
     LineCount = 1;
  end  
  
  delay_us(2); //adjust to make 5 us pulses
  //end sync pulse
  PORTD = syncOFF;   
  
  if (LineCount=ScreenTop) 
    begin 
       
       //compute byte index for beginning of the next line
       //left-shift 4 would be individual lines
       // <<3 means line-double the pixels 
       //The 0xfff8 truncates the odd line bit
       //i=(LineCount-ScreenTop)<<3 & 0xfff8; //
       
       #asm
       push r16
       lds   r12, _LineCount
       lds   r13, _Linecount+1
       ldi   r16, 30
       sub  r12, r16 
       ldi  r16,0
       sbc  r13, r16 
       lsl  r12
       rol  r13
       lsl  r12
       rol  r13
       lsl  r12    
       rol  r13
       mov  r16,r12
       andi r16,0xf0
       mov  r12,r16
       pop r16 
       #endasm
        
       //load 16 registers with screen info
       #asm
       push r14
       push r15
       push r16
       push r17
       push r18 
       push r19 
       push r26
       push r27
       
       ldi  r26,low(_screen)   ;base address of screen
       ldi  r27,high(_screen)   
       add  r26,r12            ;offset into screen (add i)
       adc  r27,r13
       ld   r4,x+   	       ;load 16 registers and inc pointer
       ld   r5,x+
       ld   r6,x+  
       ld   r7,x+
       ld   r8,x+ 
       ld   r9,x+
       ld   r10,x+  
       ld   r11,x+
       ld   r12,x+ 
       ld   r13,x+
       ld   r14,x+  
       ld   r15,x+
       ld   r16,x+   
       ld   r17,x+  
       ld   r18,x+
       ld   r19,x 
       
       pop  r27
       pop  r26
       #endasm  

       delay_us(4);  //adjust to center image on screen
       
       //blast 16 bytes to the screen   
       #asm
       ;but first a macro to make the code shorter  
       ;the macro takes a register number as a parameter
       ;and dumps its bits serially to portD.6   
       ;the nop can be eliminated to make the display narrower
       .macro videobits ;regnum
        BST  @0,7
	IN   R30,0x12
	BLD  R30,6
	nop
	OUT  0x12,R30  
	
	BST  @0,6
	IN   R30,0x12
	BLD  R30,6
	nop
	OUT  0x12,R30 
	
	BST  @0,5
	IN   R30,0x12
	BLD  R30,6 
	nop
	OUT  0x12,R30 
	
	BST  @0,4
	IN   R30,0x12
	BLD  R30,6
	nop
	OUT  0x12,R30 
	
	BST  @0,3
	IN   R30,0x12
	BLD  R30,6
	nop
	OUT  0x12,R30 
	
	BST  @0,2
	IN   R30,0x12
	BLD  R30,6
	nop
	OUT  0x12,R30 
	
	BST  @0,1
	IN   R30,0x12
	BLD  R30,6 
	nop
	OUT  0x12,R30 
	
	BST  @0,0
	IN   R30,0x12
	BLD  R30,6
	nop
	OUT  0x12,R30 
       .endm     
        
	videobits r4 ;video line -- byte 1
        videobits r5 ;byte 2  
        videobits r6 ;byte 3
        videobits r7 ;byte 4
        videobits r8 ;byte 5
        videobits r9 ;byte 6
        videobits r10 ;byte 7
        videobits r11 ;byte 8 
        videobits r12 ;byte 9
        videobits r13 ;byte 10  
        videobits r14 ;byte 11
        videobits r15 ;byte 12
        videobits r16 ;byte 13
        videobits r17 ;byte 14
        videobits r18 ;byte 15
        videobits r19 ;byte 16
	clt   ;clear video after the last pixel on the line
	IN   R30,0x12
	BLD  R30,6
	OUT  0x12,R30
								
       pop r19
       pop r18
       pop r17 
       pop r16  
       pop r15
       pop r14
       #endasm
              
    end         
end  
#pragma warn+

//==================================
//plot one point 
//at x,y with color 1=white 0=black 2=invert 
#pragma warn-
void video_pt(char x, char y, char c)
begin   
	
	#asm
	;  i=(x>>3) + ((int)y<<4) ;   the byte with the pixel in it

	push r16
	ldd r30,y+2 		;get x
	lsr r30
	lsr r30
	lsr r30     		;divide x by 8
	ldd r12,y+1 		;get y
       	lsl r12     		;mult y by 16
       	clr r13
	lsl r12
	rol r13
	lsl r12
	rol r13
	lsl r12
	rol r13
	add r12, r30     	;add in x/8
	
	;v2 = screen[i];   r5
        ;v3 = pos[x & 7];  r6
	;v4 = c            r7
	ldi r30,low(_screen)
	ldi r31,high(_screen)
	add r30, r12
	adc r31, r13
	ld r5,Z  		;get screen byte
	ldd r26,y+2 		;get x
	ldi r27,0
	andi r26,0x07           ;form x & 7 
	ldi r30,low(_pos*2)  
	ldi r31,high(_pos*2)
	add r30,r26
	adc r31,r27
	lpm r6,Z
	ld r16,y 		;get c 
       
       ;if (v4==1) screen[i] = v2 | v3 ; 
       ;if (v4==0) screen[i] = v2 & ~v3; 
       ;if (v4==2) screen[i] = v2 ^ v3 ; 
       
       cpi r16,1
       brne tst0
       or  r5,r6
       tst0:
       cpi r16,0
       brne tst2 
       com r6
       and r5,r6
       tst2:
       cpi r16,2
       brne writescrn
       eor r5,r6
       writescrn:
       	ldi r30,low(_screen)
	ldi r31,high(_screen)
	add r30, r12
	adc r31, r13
	st Z, r5        	;write the byte back to the screen
	
	pop r16
	#endasm
       
end
#pragma warn+

//==================================
// put a big character on the screen
// c is index into bitmap
void video_putchar(char x, char y, char c)  
begin 
    v7 = x;
    for (v6=0;v6<7;v6++) 
    begin
        v1 = bitmap[c][v6]; 
        v8 = y+v6;
        video_pt(v7,   v8, (v1 & 0x80)==0x80);  
        video_pt(v7+1, v8, (v1 & 0x40)==0x40); 
        video_pt(v7+2, v8, (v1 & 0x20)==0x20);
        video_pt(v7+3, v8, (v1 & 0x10)==0x10);
        video_pt(v7+4, v8, (v1 & 0x08)==0x08);
    end
end

//==================================
// put a string of big characters on the screen
void video_puts(char x, char y, char *str)
begin
	char i ;
	for (i=0; str[i]!=0; i++)
	begin  
		if (str[i]>=0x30 && str[i]<=0x3a) 
			video_putchar(x,y,str[i]-0x30);
		else video_putchar(x,y,str[i]-0x40+9);
		x = x+6;	
	end
end
      
//==================================
// put a small character on the screen
// x-cood must be on divisible by 4 
// c is index into bitmap
void video_smallchar(char x, char y, char c)  
begin 
	char mask;
	i=((int)x>>3) + ((int)y<<4) ;
	if (x == (x & 0xf8)) mask = 0x0f;     //f8
	else mask = 0xf0;
	
	screen[i] =    (screen[i] & mask) | (smallbitmap[c][0] & ~mask); 
   	screen[i+16] = (screen[i+16] & mask) | (smallbitmap[c][1] & ~mask);
        screen[i+32] = (screen[i+32] & mask) | (smallbitmap[c][2] & ~mask);
        screen[i+48] = (screen[i+48] & mask) | (smallbitmap[c][3] & ~mask);
   	screen[i+64] = (screen[i+64] & mask) | (smallbitmap[c][4] & ~mask); 
end  

//==================================
// put a string of small characters on the screen
// x-cood must be on divisible by 4 
void video_putsmalls(char x, char y, char *str)
begin
	char i ;
	for (i=0; str[i]!=0; i++)
	begin  
		if (str[i]>=0x30 && str[i]<=0x3a) 
			video_smallchar(x,y,str[i]-0x30);
		else video_smallchar(x,y,str[i]-0x40+12);
		x = x+4;	
	end
end
                
       

void video_circle(char x1, char y1, char x2, char y2,char cond) {
	
	float r,t,n=7;
	unsigned char circlex,circley;
	TIMSK = 0x0;
	r=sqrt(pow(x1-x2,2)+pow(y1-y2,2));
	for(t=0;t<2*3.14;t=t+2*3.14/(r*n)){
		circlex=x1+r*cos(t);
		circley=y1+r*sin(t);
		if((!((circlexrightlimit)||(circleybottomlimit))) || cond)
		{
		 	video_pt(circlex,circley,1);
		}
	}
     TIMSK = 0x10;
}

         
       
//==================================
//plot a line 
//at x1,y1 to x2,y2 with color 1=white 0=black 2=invert 
//NOTE: this function requires signed chars   
//Code is from David Rodgers,
//"Procedural Elements of Computer Graphics",1985
void video_line(char x1, char y1, char x2, char y2, char c)
begin   
	int e;
	signed char dx,dy,j, temp;
	signed char s1,s2, xchange;
        signed char x,y;
        
	x = x1;
	y = y1;
	dx = cabs(x2-x1);
	dy = cabs(y2-y1);
	s1 = csign(x2-x1);
	s2 = csign(y2-y1);
	xchange = 0;   
	if (dy>dx)
	begin
		temp = dx;
		dx = dy;
		dy = temp;
		xchange = 1;
	end 
	e = ((int)dy<<1) - dx;   
	for (j=0; j<=dx; j++)
	begin
		video_pt(x,y,c) ; 
		if (e>=0)
		begin
			if (xchange==1) x = x + s1;
			else y = y + s2;
			e = e - ((int)dx<<1);
		end
		if (xchange==1) y = y + s2;
		else x = x + s1;
		e = e + ((int)dy<<1);
	end
end

//==================================
//return the value of one point 
//at x,y with color 1=white 0=black 2=invert
char video_set(char x, char y)
begin
	//The following construction 
  	//detects exactly one bit at the x,y location
	i=((int)x>>3) + ((int)y<<4) ;  
    return ( screen[i] & 1<<(7-(x & 0x7)));   	
end

//==================================
// set up the ports and timers
void main(void)
begin 
  //init timer 1 to generate sync
  OCR1A = lineTime; 	//One NTSC line
  TCCR1B = 9; 		//full speed; clear-on-match
  TCCR1A = 0x00;	//turn off pwm and oc lines
  TIMSK = 0x10;		//enable interrupt T1 cmp 
  
  //init ports
  DDRD = 0xf0;		//video out and switches
  DDRA = 0x00;		//PORTA as input
  DDRB = 0x00;		//PORTB as input
  DDRC = 0x00;		//PORTC as input

  //D.5 is sync:1000 ohm + diode to 75 ohm resistor
  //D.6 is video:330 ohm + diode to 75 ohm resistor
           
  rightstate = 0;
  leftstate = 0;
  
  //initialize synch constants 
  LineCount = 1;
  syncON = 0b00000000;
  syncOFF = 0b00100000;  

  vx=1;
  vy=1;
  //Print title
  video_puts(10,3,cu1); 
  video_puts(48,3,cu2); 
  video_puts(97,3,cu3);
  
  //side lines 
  #define width 126
  video_pt(0,0,1);
  video_line(0,0,0,99,1);
  video_line(width,0,width,99,1);
  video_line(0,0,width,0,1);
  video_line(0,99,width,99,1);
  video_line(0,11,width,11,1);
  video_line(0,89,width,89,1);
  
  //top line & bottom lines
  
  //menu lines  
  
  video_pt(0x6,0x5D,1);
  video_pt(0x7,0x5D,1);
  video_pt(0x6,0x5E,1);
  video_pt(0x7,0x5E,1);                                
  video_pt(0x6,0x5F,1);
  video_pt(0x7,0x5F,1);           
         
  for(c=1;c (rightlimit-brushsize))
            posx = rightlimit-brushsize;
          else if(posx < (leftlimit + brushsize))
            posx = leftlimit+brushsize;
          if(posy > ((bottomlimit-brushsize)-1))
            posy = bottomlimit-brushsize-1;
          else if(posy < ((toplimit + brushsize)+1))
            posy = toplimit+brushsize+1;
        }           
        
        
        //Either the left or middle buttons are pressed                
        if(leftreleased||(middlereleased&&(tooltype==6||tooltype==8))) {
          switch(tooltype) {
            // freedraw
	    case 0:
              set=0;
              prevstate=1;	//Leave a trail of set points
              break;
            

            case 1:
              linex[clickcount] = posx;	//Gather x and y positions
              liney[clickcount] = posy; 
              if(clickcount == 1) {
                video_line(linex[0],liney[0],linex[1],liney[1],1);  //Draw line
              	 clickcount = 0;    
              	 prevstate = 1;
              }
              else
                clickcount++;
              break;
            
            // square draw  
            case 2:
              linex[clickcount] = posx;  //Gather x and y positions
              liney[clickcount] = posy; 
              //prevstate = 1;
              if(clickcount == 1) {
                video_line(linex[0],liney[0],linex[0],liney[1],1);  //Draw square
                video_line(linex[1],liney[0],linex[1],liney[1],1);
                video_line(linex[0],liney[0],linex[1],liney[0],1);
                video_line(linex[0],liney[1],linex[1],liney[1],1);
              	 clickcount = 0;
              	 prevstate = 1;
              }
              else
                clickcount++;
              break;
            
            // erase  
            case 3:
              prevstate=0;  //Leave a trail of deleted points
              break;
            //circle tool  
            case 4:
            	linex[clickcount] = posx;  //Gather x and y positions
              	liney[clickcount] = posy; 
              if(clickcount == 1) {
                video_circle(linex[0],liney[0],linex[1],liney[1],0);  //Draw circle
              	 clickcount = 0;
              	 prevstate = 1;
              }
              else
                clickcount++;
              break;
            //clear screen
            case 5:
		//reset
                #asm
                  jmp 0
                #endasm
                break;
	    //Cut/copy and paste
            case 6:
              if(cutcount<2){
                   linex[cutcount] = posx;
                   liney[cutcount] = posy;
              } 
              //prevstate = 1;
              if(cutcount == 1) {  //Box has been defined
            		if(linex[0]>linex[1]){
              			c=linex[0];
              			linex[0]=linex[1];
              			linex[1]=c;
              		}
              		if(liney[0]>liney[1]){
              			c=liney[0];
              			liney[0]=liney[1];
              			liney[1]=c;
              		}
              	 //draw box around area	
                 video_line(linex[0],liney[0],linex[0],liney[1],2);
                 video_line(linex[1],liney[0],linex[1],liney[1],2);
                 video_line(linex[0]+1,liney[0],linex[1]-1,liney[0],2);
                 video_line(linex[0]+1,liney[1],linex[1]-1,liney[1],2);
              	 cutcount = 2;
              	 prevstate = 1;
              }
              else if (cutcount==2){  //new position has been defined
              		TIMSK = 0x00;	//Turn off video to prevent timing problems
              		movex=posx;
              		movey=posy;
			//erase box
              		video_line(linex[0],liney[0],linex[0],liney[1],2);
                	video_line(linex[1],liney[0],linex[1],liney[1],2);
                	video_line(linex[0]+1,liney[0],linex[1]-1,liney[0],2);
                	video_line(linex[0]+1,liney[1],linex[1]-1,liney[1],2);
              		//Make sure not to overwrite data if positions overlap
			if(movexrightlimit)||(movey+dbottomlimit-1))))
                   					video_pt(movex+c,movey+d,current);	//Move point
                   				if(!middlereleased)	//Do not erase if middle button clicked (copy)	
                   					video_pt(linex[0]+c,liney[0]+d,0);
                   			}
                   		}
              		}
			//Moving to the right
              		else if(movex>linex[0]){
              			
                   			for(c=(linex[1]-linex[0]-1);c>0;c--){
                   		    		for(d=1;d<(liney[1]-liney[0]);d++){
                   				current=!(!(video_set(linex[0]+c,liney[0]+d)));
                   			if((!((movex+crightlimit)||(movey+dbottomlimit-1))))
                   					video_pt(movex+c,movey+d,current);	//Move point
                   				if(!middlereleased)	//Do not erase if middle button clicked (copy)	
                   					video_pt(linex[0]+c,liney[0]+d,0);
                   			}
                   		}
              		}
			//Moving up
              		else if(movey0;c--){
                   				current=!(!(video_set(linex[0]+c,liney[0]+d)));
                   			if((!((movex+crightlimit)||(movey+dbottomlimit-1))))
                   					video_pt(movex+c,movey+d,current);	//Move point
                   				if(!middlereleased)	//Do not erase if middle button clicked (copy)	
                   					video_pt(linex[0]+c,liney[0]+d,0);
                   			}
                   		}
              		}
              		else if(movey>liney[0]){
                   		for(d=(liney[1]-liney[0]-1);d>0;d--){
                   		    		for(c=(linex[1]-linex[0]);c>0;c--){
                   				current=!(!(video_set(linex[0]+c,liney[0]+d)));
                   			if((!((movex+crightlimit)||(movey+dbottomlimit-1))))
                   					video_pt(movex+c,movey+d,current);	//Move point
                   				if(!middlereleased)	//Do not erase if middle button clicked (copy)	
                   					video_pt(linex[0]+c,liney[0]+d,0);
                   			}
                   		}
              		}

              		cutcount=0;
              		TIMSK = 0x10;
              }
              else
                cutcount++;
            	
             
              break;
	      //Polygon tool
              case 8:
                   linex[clickcount] = posx;
                   liney[clickcount] = posy; 

                   if(clickcount == 1) {
                     if(!middlereleased){	//Middle button sets last line
                          video_line(linex[0],liney[0],linex[1],liney[1],1);	//Draw line
                        	 linex[0]=linex[1];	//last end point is new beginning point
                        	 liney[0]=liney[1];    
                        	 prevstate = 1;
                   	 }
                   	 else{
                   	   clickcount=0;
                   	   video_line(startx,starty,linex[0],liney[0],1);	//draw line connecting start to finish
                   	   //prevstate = 1;
                   	 }
                   }
                   else{
                     clickcount++;
                     startx=posx;	//remember starting positions
                     starty=posy;
                   }
              break;
                
           } 
           leftreleased = 0; 
         }

	 //Spray tool
         if(tooltype==7&&PINC.0){
			//Wait for 5 screen refreshes
         		if(spraycount==5){
				//Draw box of random points around cursor
         			for(c=0;c<5;c++){
         				for(d=0;d<5;d++){
         					
         			
						a=rand()%5;
         			//Make sure points are on the screen
				if(a==3&&(!((posx-2+crightlimit)||(posy-2+dbottomlimit-1))))
         						video_pt(posx-2+c,posy-2+d,1);
         				}	
         			}
         			spraycount=0;
         		}
         		
         		else
         			spraycount++;
         }


        // right mouse button state machine        
        switch(rightstate) {
          // 0 - not clicked
          // 1 - clicked
          case 0:         
            if(PINC.1) 
              rightstate = 1;
            break;
          case 1:
            if(~PINC.1) {
	      //change brush size back to default
              if(tooltype == 0 || tooltype == 3) {
                for(c=-brushsize; c<=brushsize; c++)
                    for(d=-brushsize;d<=brushsize;d++)
                       video_pt(posx+c,posy+d,2);      
 					  video_pt(posx,posy,2);           
 				  }                            
              //cycle through tools
              tooltype = (tooltype + 1) % totaltools;
              
              if(tooltype == 0)
                 prevtool = totaltools-1;
              else {
                 brushsize = 0;
                 prevtool = tooltype-1;
              }
              //invert current selection              
              for(c=1+tooltype*menuwidth; c