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By Anthony X. Troitino  
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Echolocation Basics

.......Echolocation (a.k.a. biosonar) is an active process which utilizes the production of sound and the reception of echoes that return from objects. Returning echoes are modified versions of the original pulse. By comparing these two the animal's brain is able to construct images of their surroundings. The location of an object can be discerned in three dimensions via range and direction. Time delays between producing a sound and receiving its echo is used as a cue for range [1].